時間:2014/11/12 作者:鳴山機械 關鍵字:
客(ke)(ke)運專(zhuan)線(xian)—城際鐵路—城市(shi)(shi)地鐵,中(zhong)(zhong)國將進入第二階(jie)段: “十二五”大建“四縱四橫”客(ke)(ke)運專(zhuan)線(xian)(含區際高鐵),往(wang)前(qian)看,中(zhong)(zhong)國鐵路建設將進入以(yi)區域大城市(shi)(shi)為中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的城際鐵路階(jie)段。目前(qian),各區域已有城際鐵路規劃達到1.95 萬公(gong)里,其中(zhong)(zhong)2016-2020 年竣工里程(cheng)達1.1 萬公(gong)里,加之在建的客(ke)(ke)運專(zhuan)線(xian),預計“十三五”期(qi)間總竣工里程(cheng)將達到1.7 萬公(gong)里,相比于(yu)“十二五”期(qi)間1.6 萬公(gong)里增長7%,顯著好于(yu)市(shi)(shi)場之前(qian)大幅下滑的擔心(xin)。
城(cheng)際(ji)鐵路(lu)動(dong)車(che)組需求量(liang)(liang)更(geng)大(da)、盈利(li)水(shui)平及市(shi)場競爭格局也相(xiang)對穩定:相(xiang)比于客運專線(xian),城(cheng)際(ji)鐵路(lu)是圍繞核心城(cheng)市(shi)打造(zao)1、2、3 小時半(ban)徑的區(qu)域網絡,其特點(dian)在于短距離,公交(jiao)化,發班頻率高(gao),對城(cheng)際(ji)鐵路(lu)動(dong)車(che)組需求量(liang)(liang)更(geng)高(gao),且啟動(dong)速度快、制動(dong)距離短、編(bian)組靈活、載客量(liang)(liang)大(da)。同時,城(cheng)際(ji)動(dong)車(che)組主(zhu)要由鐵總負責統(tong)一采購,盈利(li)水(shui)平及市(shi)場競爭格局也會相(xiang)對穩定。
鐵(tie)(tie)總(zong)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)壓力會(hui)逐步縮小: 按(an)照(zhao)2 億/公里(li)成本估(gu)算(suan),“十三五”期(qi)間我國鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)量(liang)仍將維持在(zai)3.4 萬億,年(nian)均6,800 億,資(zi)(zi)金(jin)來源上將更多依賴于地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府(50%中央(yang),50%地(di)(di)方);對鐵(tie)(tie)總(zong)而言,資(zi)(zi)金(jin)需求減少,加之運營線路(lu)不斷增(zeng)(zeng)加,資(zi)(zi)金(jin)壓力將逐步縮小。地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府有(you)意愿(yuan),更有(you)實力。修(xiu)建城(cheng)際,可爭(zheng)取50%中央(yang)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)配套(tao),且(qie)高(gao)鐵(tie)(tie)通車后將顯著(zhu)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)沿線房(fang)地(di)(di)產、旅游酒店、消費零售增(zeng)(zeng)長,經(jing)濟利益驅動(dong)(dong)下地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府有(you)意愿(yuan)加速投(tou)資(zi)(zi)。同時,過(guo)去十年(nian),地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府基建投(tou)資(zi)(zi)主要集中在(zai)公路(lu)領(ling)域,而未(wei)來年(nian)均3,400億的(de)城(cheng)際鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)支出只占公路(lu)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)的(de)25%,在(zai)公路(lu)日趨飽和(he)的(de)背景(jing)下,地(di)(di)方政(zheng)府基建投(tou)資(zi)(zi)總(zong)量(liang)無(wu)需增(zeng)(zeng)加,結構調(diao)整是發(fa)展方向。